| 1827-1844 |
Rise of New Denominations Appealing to Lower Class in United States (and England): |
|---|
| 1827 |
Mormons — Joseph Smith had angelic vision (evolved into Church of Jesus Christ Latter-Day Saints) |
| October 22, 1844 |
Millerites — William Miller predicted world would end on this day (evolved into Seventh-Day Adventists) |
| 1821-1835 |
Rise of Protestant Evangelicalism Appealing to Middle Class: |
|---|
| 1821 |
Charles Grandison Finney abandoned career as lawyer in western New York to become evangelical Presbyterian preacher |
| 1835 |
Lectures on the Revival of Religion — “God has made man a free moral agent.” |
|
| 1829-1844 |
Rise of Social Reform |
|---|
| 1829 |
Eastern State Penitentiary, Philadelphia PA |
| 1854 |
Indianapolis Hospital for the Insane |
|
| 1847-1848
| Rise of Atheneum Movement |
|---|
| 1847 |
Nantucket Atheneum |
| 1848 |
An Illustrated History of the Hat |
|
|
Perfectionism |
|---|
|
social reform institutions |
|
edifying entertainment (not escapism) at atheneums |
|
utopian communities (e.g., New Harmony, Indiana) |
|
| 1771-1858 |
Robert Owen |
|---|
| age 10 |
began to work in textile workshop in northern England |
| age 16 |
began to work in textile mill in northern England |
| 1793 |
joined Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society |
| 1799 |
with partners, bought textile mill in Scotland; modernized technology; reduced working hours; built schools |
| 1813 |
published “The Formation of Character” |
| 1814 |
published “A New View of Society” |
| 1825 |
bought Harmony, Indiana, for new utopian community |
| 1828 |
sold New Harmony to his sons, and returned to England |
| 1834 |
established Grand National Consolidated Trade Union in England (to unify separate trade unions) |
|
| 1834-1856 |
Discipline and Health |
|---|
| 1844 |
plumbing advertisement |
| 1837 |
Sylvester Graham, A Treatise on Bread, and Bread-Making |
| 1834 |
Sylvester Graham, A Lecture to Young Men, on Chastity |
| 1838 |
Leopold Deslandes, A Treatise on the Diseases Produced by Onanism |
| 1856 |
Catherine Beecher, Physiology and Calisthenics for Schools and Families |
|
| 1837-1840s |
Invention of Public Schooling |
|---|
| 1837 |
Horace Mann became head of Massachusetts Board of Education |
| 1838 |
Horace Mann pioneered public schools |
| 1840s |
public schools systematized in Massachusetts and began to spread beyond Massachusetts |