| 1780-1831 |
From Colonization to Abolitionism |
|---|
| 1780 |
gradual emancipation in Pennsylvania |
| 1816 |
American Colonization Society (1816-1830 — 1,400 freed slaves sent to Liberia) |
| 1830 |
David Walker, Appeal to the Coloured Citizens (black abolitionism) |
| 1831 |
William Lloyd Garrison, The Liberator (white abolitionism) |
| 1831 |
Nat Turner’s Rebellion (led to harsher slave codes in South) |
|
| 1831-1837 |
Spread of Abolitionism |
|---|
| 1831 |
The Liberator |
| 1833 |
American Anti-Slavery Society — “We shall organize Anti-Slavery Societies, if possible, in every city, town and village in our land.” |
| 1835 |
225 chapters |
| 1837 |
1,600 chapters |
|
| 1830s-1840s |
Abolitionist Popular Culture |
|---|
| 1843 |
abolitionist almanac |
| 1836 |
children’s book, The Slave”s Friend |
| 1830s |
William Lloyd Garrison, song, Human Equality |
|
| 1830s |
Anti-Abolitionist Backlash |
|---|
| 1837 |
anti-abolitionist poster |
| 1836 |
Edward Clay, Practical Amalgamation |
| 1830s |
William Lloyd Garrison, song, Human Equality |
| 1830s |
anti-abolitionist rhetoric: |
|
“amalgamation” — mixing of blacks and whites |
|
“promiscuity&rquo; — mixing of men and women |
|
| 1830s |
Anti-Abolitionist Violence (North and South) |
|---|
| 1835 |
Charleston SC mob raided post office and abolitionist pamphlets |
| 1835 |
Boston MA mob beat up William Lloyd Garrison |
| 1837 |
Alton IL mob killed editor Elijah Lovejoy |
|
| 1830s |
Women’s Participation in Abolitionism |
|---|
| 1830s |
women’s auxiliaries to men’s anti-slavery societies |
| 1833 |
Prudence Crandall (white schoolteacher of black children in Canterbury, Connecticut) was outlawed by state legislature and jailed; then 1834 she reopened school and was attacked by white mob |
| 1836 |
Congress imposed “gag rule” — no more anti-slavery petitions |
| 1837 |
Grimke sisters (South Carolina slaveholding family) began anti-slavery lecture tour |
| 1838 |
Grimke sisters lectured to Massachusetts state legislature — first public speech by women in United States |
| 1837 |
Grimke sisters (South Carolina slaveholding family) began anti-slavery lecture tour |
| 1838 |
male mob burned Philadelphia Hall for Free Discussion, where Grimke sisters were scheduled to speak |
| 1840 |
“moderate” abolitionists (opposed to participation of women) split off to form Liberty Party (men only) |
| 1838 |
Grimke sisters began to lecture about women’s obligation to participate in social reform |
| 1848 |
Seneca Falls Convention began to work for women’s right to vote — “We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men and women are created equal.” |
| 1920 |
72 years later, women win right to vote |